The ruby lines detector or ruby fluorescent pressure measurement system is e compact box designed to collect the fluorescence emission of a small ruby chip placed inside the sample under pressure in the Diamond Anvil Cell (DAC).  Photoexcitation is provided by a Laser source at  532 nm.
A long working distance microscope, objective 20X, ensures high efficiency of fluorescence collection and good quality sample image. The fluorescence signal is sent through a dedicated optical fiber system  to a compact spectrometer. The side of the microscope has an optical entrance which allows, using the same microscope objective, to enlighten the sample for the visual observation. The ruby lines investigation employs a microscope technique requiring the addition of multiple optical instruments, the laser to excite the fluorescence of the ruby crystal, focusing optics and fiber optic for collection and trasmission of fluorescence. A PVM regulator permit to control lighting and laser parameters. The system is assembled with the spectrometer. The ruby lines are investigate to measure the pressure by a related software. RLW-001
The regulator of the power for the laser power and the sample lighting LED is inserted in a console fixed on the front of the microscope. The console can be separated for remote control.

Each part can sell separately related the customer or experiment’s needs.

The microscope can work in vertical (standard) or horizontal poisition.

Include or sold separately 
RLS-S01 Ruby lines spectrometer 
RLM-F02 Microscope 
RLC-F02 Calibration neon lamp

The owner software dedicated to researchers useful to determine pressure value inside a dac sample room. Combined with our spectroscopy system Ruby Spectra Software 150 is destined to became our best solution to analyze pressure using ruby fluorescence peacks. It permit to calibrate and fit curve and analyze pressure inside cell. The measurement is performed through different calibrations of the R1 line shift, established in different ways depending upon pressure conditions and ranges.The fitting procedure allows you to fit the fluorescence ruby line R1 and R2 using two Lorentziano curves.

Once you optimized (maximized) the intensity of the fluorescence signal using the “Align” procedure you should write down the rough position of the two lines and then as input parameters for the fitting procedure.

Heater for DAC Cell is  equipped with a miniature resistive heating element for the simultaneous application of temperature

A reliable high-performance heating method using resistive heaters and a membrane driven diamond anvil cell (DAC) is realized. It enables almost perfect isobaric conditions for temperatures varying from 300K to 800K

One heater is mounted on the external body of DAC and use electrical power 200 W to achieve sample temperatures up to 800 K. If the optical access can permit is preferred to put the cell inside a vacuum chamber to prevent the oxidation of materials and grow up the temperature  and to sustain stable heating to over 800 K.

A K-type thermocouples mounted close to diamonds is used to control the temperature. The approach can be used for Raman spectroscopy and IR study at high pressures and temperatures. A Rhenium gasket material permits stable operation of DAC.

An external temperature control manage the parameters of current and temperature.

Cooling device for DAC cell  is a DAC cell  embodied in e large copper block, attached to the cold tip of a low vibration closed cycle cryostat systems providing a controlled low temperature vacuum environment, vacuum chamber is it. The cryostat, works on the closed helium circuit. Imdium material is a thin sheet placed for a termic contact from copper block and the cryostat tip. The sample is positioned on the sample holder (DAC cell) in good thermal contact with and surrounded by the vacuum. To change the sample, the cryostat must be warmed at room temperature, the vacuum released and the outer case and radiation shield removed.

A remote control for DAC is necessary to change the pressure inside the sample.

The vacuum chamber provide cryogenic environments for optical measurements for DAC cell. The designs combine the best optical access with the capability to operate in the temperature range 15 to 500 K. Benefits include a wide optical access for light collection measurements. Besides an optimized design provide an excellent optical access and a short space to permit to focalize beam with a objective 20mm WD. The large acceptance angle makes them ideal for light collection measurements (for example Raman studies). Optical measurements that cover a broad range of wavelengths may exceed the transmission band of a particular window material. All windows in the cooling devices are demountable. The present vacuum vessel can accommodate various types of diamond-anvil cells simply by changing the holder or different types of cold unit. High temperatures can be also used. The sample is located into the DAC. Changing the sample simply involves removing the cell, replacing the sample and inserting the cell back into the cryostat. The system can be adjusted in  X-Y-Z with manual or motorized stages how needs require.

LOTO-eng gas-loading system for DAC cell  permit to load liquid gas. Only the type of DAC endowed with a membrane can be used during gas loading, the remote-control system allows sample pressure to increase while the DAC is still immersed in liquid gas. This technique allows DACs to be loaded with condensed gases such as nitrogen, argon, oxygen, etc. The advantage over gas loading is the higher initial density that determines a smaller volume reduction under compression.

The gas-loading system has been constructed to load diamond-anvil cells with various kinds of gases at room temperature. The gases either serve as hydrostatic pressure media or samples by themselves. The present high-pressure vessel can accommodate various types of diamond-anvil cells simply by changing the holder.

How it works?

The gas-loading apparatus you can see on the layout below. The DAC is placed inside the gas-loading chamber and its flange closed.  Fluxing of the gas-loading with pure argon gas will guarantee the presence of only argon in the chamber.  Is possible to use a vacuum pump to evacuate all the impurity inside.
Then the gas-loading may be placed inside the vessel which will also hold the liquid nitrogen.  Liquid nitrogen is then spilled in to this vessel, while pure argon gas is let into the DAC’s chamber at an optimum rate. The level of liquid argon collected in the vessel is monitored through the top glass viewing port of the gas-loading helped of a blue light. Once the desired level, surely over the diamond anvil is reached, the flow of liquid gas can be stopped a.  The DAC by remote control is then tightened so that liquid gas becomes trapped in the gasket hole between the diamond anvils.
The cell then be removed from the gas-loading and slowly brought back to room temperature.  A low temperature heat exchanger ensures a very efficient cooling and condensation of the argon gas.  A special microvalve made by LOTO allows to close the capillary and disconnect the DAC from the gas loading kepping pressure in the membrane.The valve is small so to fit together with the DAC in the gas or cryogenic loading chambers. For this last purpose the microvalve has been tested up to 200 bar at room and at liquid nitrogen temperature. In this way is possible to linked again the cell to the pressure device.

The torque screwdriver ensure tightening to a specified torque and permit to give the right force to the DAC cell.

The screwdriver allow the torque to be set to any value within a range, our needs ask from 0,2 Nm to 2 Nm.

All have a torque-limiting clutch that disengages once the preset torque has been reached.

Is very useful to use the key to generate pressure also for indenting the gasket.

The HP200 permit the fine calibration of force inside the DAC’s hydrostatic room and is exerted by a metallic membrane which is inflated with pressurised gas through the capillary. Typically the gas used is helium or nitrogen gas pressure is below 200 bar.

How it works?

The complete membrane DAC system is composed by the Membrane Control Box and the Membrane Diamond Anvil Cell (DAC). The membrane is connected through a stainless steel capillary to the connection. This device allows to regulate the gas pressure in the membrane of the DAC. It is composed by the gas bottle, a pressure regulator, two valves and a pressure meter. Opening the outlet valve serves for releasing pressure while closing the inlet valve allows to disconnect the pressure regulator from the hydraulic circuit of the membrane DAC.  In some cases it may be useful to leave the inlet valve open, so to increase pressure. Using the pressure regulator, or to maintain the pressure constant when a small leak is present in the hydraulic circuit or more generally when the pressure in the membrane would naturally decrease and on the contrary the user wants to keep it constant. This last case happens for example when the DAC is cooled and the user wants to maintain a constant pressure. Maintenance: no periodic maintenance is needed. Simply refill the gas bomb when necessary, with a maximum pressure of 200 bar (generally with Helium).

DACs can be loaded with gaseous, liquid or solid samples. The direct compression of a solid determines non-hydrostatic pressure even at low pressures. For this reason, is recommended that solid samples, placed inside the gasket’s hole, is immersed in a gas or a liquid before compression. You can use for a good hydrostaticity until 15-20 GP is oil. Immersion oils are available with low or very low autofluorescence. Autofluorescence is the natural fluorescence emission of the oil when exposed to light. Each immersion oil has a different level of background emission.

The thickness gauge is a necessary tool to measuring the thickness of the gasket after indenting. Measure the thickness after indenting is useful to calibrate the force necessary to obtain the desired thickness and to have the right space for the sample. The gasket, which acts as a seal in the phase of hydrostatic pressure imposed on the sample, is a thin sheet of about 200 microns which, placed between the diamonds, is indented, reducing the thickness, and then enable the next phase of drilling.